[
  {
    "slug": "te-hoshii",
    "pattern": "～てほしい",
    "structure": "Verb-te + ほしい",
    "meaning_id": "ingin (orang lain) melakukan ~",
    "meaning_en": "want someone to ~",
    "nuance": "Keinginan agar orang lain bertindak. Beda dari たい (keinginan sendiri).",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "desire",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "もう少し待ってほしいです。",
        "furigana": "もう<ruby>少<rt>すこ</rt></ruby>し<ruby>待<rt>ま</rt></ruby>ってほしいです。",
        "translation_id": "Saya ingin Anda menunggu sebentar lagi.",
        "translation_en": "I want you to wait a little longer."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "te-itadakemasenka",
    "pattern": "～ていただけませんか",
    "structure": "Verb-te + いただけませんか",
    "meaning_id": "bisakah Anda ~? (sangat sopan)",
    "meaning_en": "could you please ~? (humble)",
    "nuance": "Permintaan paling sopan; sering dipakai ke atasan/pelanggan.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "request",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "もう一度説明していただけませんか。",
        "furigana": "もう<ruby>一度説明<rt>いちどせつめい</rt></ruby>していただけませんか。",
        "translation_id": "Bisakah Anda menjelaskan sekali lagi?",
        "translation_en": "Could you please explain once more?"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "te-sashiageru",
    "pattern": "～てさしあげる",
    "structure": "Verb-te + さしあげる",
    "meaning_id": "melakukan ~ untuk (orang yang dihormati)",
    "meaning_en": "do ~ for (someone of higher status)",
    "nuance": "Sangat hormat. Tetap hati-hati: bisa terdengar memaksakan kebaikan.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "giving-receiving",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "先生に道を案内してさしあげました。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>先生<rt>せんせい</rt></ruby>に<ruby>道<rt>みち</rt></ruby>を<ruby>案内<rt>あんない</rt></ruby>してさしあげました。",
        "translation_id": "Saya menunjukkan jalan kepada guru (hormat).",
        "translation_en": "I showed the teacher the way (humble)."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "garu-second-attempt",
    "pattern": "～たがる",
    "structure": "Verb-stem + たがる",
    "meaning_id": "(orang lain) ingin ~",
    "meaning_en": "show signs of wanting to ~",
    "nuance": "Versi orang ketiga dari たい. Konjugasi seperti u-verb.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "third-person-feeling",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "弟は新しいゲームを買いたがっています。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>弟<rt>おとうと</rt></ruby>は<ruby>新<rt>あたら</rt></ruby>しいゲームを<ruby>買<rt>か</rt></ruby>いたがっています。",
        "translation_id": "Adik ingin membeli game baru.",
        "translation_en": "My brother wants to buy a new game."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "you-ni-mieru",
    "pattern": "～ように見える",
    "structure": "Verb / adj + ように見える",
    "meaning_id": "terlihat (seperti) ~",
    "meaning_en": "appear to be ~",
    "nuance": "Lebih objektif dari そうだ. Berdasarkan penampakan luar.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "appearance",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "彼は元気なように見えますが、実は疲れています。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>彼<rt>かれ</rt></ruby>は<ruby>元気<rt>げんき</rt></ruby>なように<ruby>見<rt>み</rt></ruby>えますが、<ruby>実<rt>じつ</rt></ruby>は<ruby>疲<rt>つか</rt></ruby>れています。",
        "translation_id": "Dia terlihat sehat, padahal sebenarnya lelah.",
        "translation_en": "He appears energetic but is actually tired."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ki-ni-naru",
    "pattern": "～が気になる",
    "structure": "Noun + が気になる",
    "meaning_id": "memikirkan / penasaran tentang ~",
    "meaning_en": "be bothered / concerned about",
    "nuance": "Sesuatu yang terus mengganggu pikiran.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "feeling",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "明日のテストが気になって眠れません。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>明日<rt>あした</rt></ruby>のテストが<ruby>気<rt>き</rt></ruby>になって<ruby>眠<rt>ねむ</rt></ruby>れません。",
        "translation_id": "Saya khawatir ujian besok sampai tidak bisa tidur.",
        "translation_en": "I can't sleep because I'm worried about tomorrow's test."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ki-ni-suru",
    "pattern": "～を気にする",
    "structure": "Noun + を気にする",
    "meaning_id": "mempedulikan / mempermasalahkan ~",
    "meaning_en": "be concerned about / mind",
    "nuance": "Tindakan aktif memperhatikan/khawatir. Bedakan dari 気気になる (terjadi sendiri).",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "feeling",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "他人の目を気にしすぎないでください。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>他人<rt>たにん</rt></ruby>の<ruby>目<rt>め</rt></ruby>を<ruby>気<rt>き</rt></ruby>にしすぎないでください。",
        "translation_id": "Jangan terlalu mempedulikan pandangan orang lain.",
        "translation_en": "Don't worry too much about what others think."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "tatoe-temo",
    "pattern": "たとえ～ても",
    "structure": "たとえ + Verb-te + も",
    "meaning_id": "andaikan / sekalipun ~",
    "meaning_en": "even if (hypothetical)",
    "nuance": "Memperkuat klausa concessive ても dengan たとえ di awal.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "concession",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "たとえ雨が降っても、試合は行います。",
        "furigana": "たとえ<ruby>雨<rt>あめ</rt></ruby>が<ruby>降<rt>ふ</rt></ruby>っても、<ruby>試合<rt>しあい</rt></ruby>は<ruby>行<rt>おこな</rt></ruby>います。",
        "translation_id": "Sekalipun hujan, pertandingan akan tetap dilaksanakan.",
        "translation_en": "Even if it rains, we'll hold the match."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "te-mo-ii-permission-2",
    "pattern": "～させてください",
    "structure": "Verb-causative-te + ください",
    "meaning_id": "izinkan saya ~",
    "meaning_en": "please let me ~",
    "nuance": "Permintaan izin yang sopan. Sering dipakai dalam kerja.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "request",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "少し休ませてください。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>少<rt>すこ</rt></ruby>し<ruby>休<rt>やす</rt></ruby>ませてください。",
        "translation_id": "Tolong izinkan saya istirahat sebentar.",
        "translation_en": "Please let me rest a little."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "te-mo-shikata-ga-nai",
    "pattern": "～ても仕方がない",
    "structure": "Verb-te + も + 仕方がない",
    "meaning_id": "tidak ada gunanya ~ / mau bagaimana lagi",
    "meaning_en": "no use / can't be helped",
    "nuance": "Pasrah pada keadaan. Variasi: ～てもしょうがない.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "resignation",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "今さら後悔しても仕方がない。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>今<rt>いま</rt></ruby>さら<ruby>後悔<rt>こうかい</rt></ruby>しても<ruby>仕方<rt>しかた</rt></ruby>がない。",
        "translation_id": "Sekarang menyesal pun tidak ada gunanya.",
        "translation_en": "It's no use regretting now."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "you-ga-nai",
    "pattern": "～ようがない",
    "structure": "Verb-stem + ようがない",
    "meaning_id": "tidak ada cara untuk ~",
    "meaning_en": "no way to ~",
    "nuance": "Menyatakan ketidakmampuan total karena sarana tidak ada.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "impossibility",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "連絡先が分からないので、知らせようがない。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>連絡先<rt>れんらくさき</rt></ruby>がわからないので、<ruby>知<rt>し</rt></ruby>らせようがない。",
        "translation_id": "Karena tidak tahu kontaknya, tak ada cara memberi tahu.",
        "translation_en": "I have no way to inform him since I don't know his contact."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "wake-da",
    "pattern": "～わけだ",
    "structure": "Plain-form + わけだ",
    "meaning_id": "ternyata ~ / pantas saja ~",
    "meaning_en": "no wonder / that's why",
    "nuance": "Kesimpulan logis berdasarkan info baru.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "conclusion",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "彼は十年も日本にいたのか。日本語が上手なわけだ。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>彼<rt>かれ</rt></ruby>は<ruby>十年<rt>じゅうねん</rt></ruby>も<ruby>日本<rt>にほん</rt></ruby>にいたのか。<ruby>日本語<rt>にほんご</rt></ruby>が<ruby>上手<rt>じょうず</rt></ruby>なわけだ。",
        "translation_id": "Oh dia 10 tahun di Jepang. Pantas bahasa Jepangnya bagus.",
        "translation_en": "He was in Japan for 10 years? No wonder his Japanese is good."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "wake-de-wa-nai",
    "pattern": "～わけではない",
    "structure": "Plain-form + わけではない",
    "meaning_id": "bukan berarti ~",
    "meaning_en": "it's not (necessarily) that ~",
    "nuance": "Membantah simpulan yang mungkin diasumsikan pendengar.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "denial",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "嫌いなわけではない。ただ忙しいだけだ。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>嫌<rt>きら</rt></ruby>いなわけではない。ただ<ruby>忙<rt>いそが</rt></ruby>しいだけだ。",
        "translation_id": "Bukan berarti tidak suka, hanya sibuk saja.",
        "translation_en": "It's not that I dislike it; I'm just busy."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "wake-ga-nai",
    "pattern": "～わけがない",
    "structure": "Plain-form + わけがない",
    "meaning_id": "mustahil ~ / tidak mungkin ~",
    "meaning_en": "there's no way that ~",
    "nuance": "Pembicara sangat yakin sesuatu tidak mungkin terjadi.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "denial",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "彼がそんなことを言うわけがない。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>彼<rt>かれ</rt></ruby>がそんなことを<ruby>言<rt>い</rt></ruby>うわけがない。",
        "translation_id": "Mustahil dia mengatakan hal seperti itu.",
        "translation_en": "There's no way he would say something like that."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "wake-ni-wa-ikanai",
    "pattern": "～わけにはいかない",
    "structure": "Verb-dictionary + わけにはいかない",
    "meaning_id": "tidak bisa ~ (karena alasan sosial/moral)",
    "meaning_en": "can't ~ (for social reasons)",
    "nuance": "Bukan ketidakmampuan fisik, tapi ada alasan moral / kewajiban.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "obligation",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "明日は試験だから、休むわけにはいかない。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>明日<rt>あした</rt></ruby>は<ruby>試験<rt>しけん</rt></ruby>だから、<ruby>休<rt>やす</rt></ruby>むわけにはいかない。",
        "translation_id": "Besok ujian, jadi saya tidak bisa libur.",
        "translation_en": "Since the exam is tomorrow, I can't take a break."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "hazu-ga-nai",
    "pattern": "～はずがない",
    "structure": "Plain-form + はずがない",
    "meaning_id": "mustahil ~ (berdasarkan logika)",
    "meaning_en": "it can't be that ~",
    "nuance": "Berdasarkan logika/pengetahuan. Mirip わけがない tapi lebih netral.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "denial",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "彼が嘘をつくはずがない。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>彼<rt>かれ</rt></ruby>が<ruby>嘘<rt>うそ</rt></ruby>をつくはずがない。",
        "translation_id": "Tidak mungkin dia berbohong.",
        "translation_en": "He can't possibly be lying."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "tsumori-da",
    "pattern": "～たつもり / ～たつもりはない",
    "structure": "Verb-ta / ない + つもり",
    "meaning_id": "merasa sudah/belum ~ / niatnya ~",
    "meaning_en": "feel as if / intend that ~",
    "nuance": "つもり menjadi 'merasa/seakan' ketika dipasangkan dengan bentuk lampau.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "subjective-state",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "ちゃんと説明したつもりです。",
        "furigana": "ちゃんと<ruby>説明<rt>せつめい</rt></ruby>したつもりです。",
        "translation_id": "Saya merasa sudah menjelaskan dengan benar.",
        "translation_en": "I believe I explained it properly."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ni-tsuite",
    "pattern": "～について",
    "structure": "Noun + について",
    "meaning_id": "mengenai / tentang ~",
    "meaning_en": "about / concerning ~",
    "nuance": "Sering muncul dalam pidato/laporan. についての + noun.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "topic",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "日本の文化について発表します。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>日本<rt>にほん</rt></ruby>の<ruby>文化<rt>ぶんか</rt></ruby>について<ruby>発表<rt>はっぴょう</rt></ruby>します。",
        "translation_id": "Saya akan mempresentasikan tentang budaya Jepang.",
        "translation_en": "I will present about Japanese culture."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ni-kanshite",
    "pattern": "～に関して",
    "structure": "Noun + に関して",
    "meaning_id": "berkaitan dengan / sehubungan ~",
    "meaning_en": "regarding / in relation to",
    "nuance": "Lebih formal/tertulis dari について.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "topic",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "この問題に関して、ご意見をお聞かせください。",
        "furigana": "この<ruby>問題<rt>もんだい</rt></ruby>に<ruby>関<rt>かん</rt></ruby>して、ご<ruby>意見<rt>いけん</rt></ruby>をお<ruby>聞<rt>き</rt></ruby>かせください。",
        "translation_id": "Tolong sampaikan pendapat Anda tentang masalah ini.",
        "translation_en": "Please share your opinion regarding this issue."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ni-taishite",
    "pattern": "～に対して",
    "structure": "Noun + に対して",
    "meaning_id": "terhadap / berbeda dengan ~",
    "meaning_en": "toward / against / in contrast to",
    "nuance": "Bisa berarti 'arah aksi' atau 'kontras' antara dua hal.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "topic",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "学生に対して厳しい先生だ。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>学生<rt>がくせい</rt></ruby>に<ruby>対<rt>たい</rt></ruby>して<ruby>厳<rt>きび</rt></ruby>しい<ruby>先生<rt>せんせい</rt></ruby>だ。",
        "translation_id": "Guru yang ketat terhadap murid.",
        "translation_en": "A teacher who is strict toward students."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ni-yotte-2",
    "pattern": "～によって (variasi)",
    "structure": "Noun + によって",
    "meaning_id": "bervariasi tergantung ~",
    "meaning_en": "depending on ~",
    "nuance": "Sering disusul dengan 違う/異なる/変わる. Berbeda dari によって di N2.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "topic",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "国によって文化が違います。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>国<rt>くに</rt></ruby>によって<ruby>文化<rt>ぶんか</rt></ruby>が<ruby>違<rt>ちが</rt></ruby>います。",
        "translation_id": "Budaya berbeda-beda tergantung negara.",
        "translation_en": "Culture differs depending on the country."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ni-yoreba",
    "pattern": "～によると / によれば",
    "structure": "Noun + によると / によれば",
    "meaning_id": "menurut ~",
    "meaning_en": "according to ~",
    "nuance": "Mengutip sumber info. Sering disusul dengan そうだ / らしい.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "source",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "天気予報によると、明日は雨だそうです。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>天気予報<rt>てんきよほう</rt></ruby>によると、<ruby>明日<rt>あした</rt></ruby>は<ruby>雨<rt>あめ</rt></ruby>だそうです。",
        "translation_id": "Menurut prakiraan cuaca, besok akan hujan.",
        "translation_en": "According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ni-tomonatte",
    "pattern": "～にともなって",
    "structure": "Noun / Verb-dictionary + にともなって",
    "meaning_id": "seiring dengan ~",
    "meaning_en": "along with / as ~",
    "nuance": "Perubahan satu hal mengiringi perubahan hal lain.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "correlation",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "経済の発展にともなって、生活が変わった。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>経済<rt>けいざい</rt></ruby>の<ruby>発展<rt>はってん</rt></ruby>にともなって、<ruby>生活<rt>せいかつ</rt></ruby>が<ruby>変<rt>か</rt></ruby>わった。",
        "translation_id": "Seiring perkembangan ekonomi, gaya hidup berubah.",
        "translation_en": "As the economy developed, lifestyles changed."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ni-tsurete",
    "pattern": "～につれて",
    "structure": "Verb-dictionary / Noun + につれて",
    "meaning_id": "seiring berjalannya ~",
    "meaning_en": "as ~ progresses",
    "nuance": "Perubahan bertahap dan beriringan.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "correlation",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "年を取るにつれて、考え方が変わる。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>年<rt>とし</rt></ruby>を<ruby>取<rt>と</rt></ruby>るにつれて、<ruby>考<rt>かんが</rt></ruby>え<ruby>方<rt>かた</rt></ruby>が<ruby>変<rt>か</rt></ruby>わる。",
        "translation_id": "Seiring bertambahnya usia, cara berpikir berubah.",
        "translation_en": "As one ages, one's way of thinking changes."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ni-shitagatte",
    "pattern": "～にしたがって",
    "structure": "Verb-dictionary / Noun + にしたがって",
    "meaning_id": "seiring dengan / sesuai dengan ~",
    "meaning_en": "in accordance with / as",
    "nuance": "Dua makna: 'seiring' (mirip につれて) atau 'mengikuti aturan'.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "correlation",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "ルールにしたがって行動してください。",
        "furigana": "ルールにしたがって<ruby>行動<rt>こうどう</rt></ruby>してください。",
        "translation_id": "Tolong bertindak sesuai aturan.",
        "translation_en": "Please act in accordance with the rules."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ni-totte",
    "pattern": "～にとって",
    "structure": "Noun + にとって",
    "meaning_id": "bagi ~ / dari sudut pandang ~",
    "meaning_en": "for / from the perspective of",
    "nuance": "Menyatakan perspektif/evaluasi dari pihak tertentu.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "perspective",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "私にとって、家族が一番大切です。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>私<rt>わたし</rt></ruby>にとって、<ruby>家族<rt>かぞく</rt></ruby>が<ruby>一番大切<rt>いちばんたいせつ</rt></ruby>です。",
        "translation_id": "Bagi saya, keluarga adalah yang terpenting.",
        "translation_en": "For me, family is the most important."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ba-yokatta",
    "pattern": "～ばよかった",
    "structure": "Verb-ba + よかった",
    "meaning_id": "seandainya tadi ~",
    "meaning_en": "I should have ~",
    "nuance": "Menyatakan penyesalan. Negatif: ～なければよかった.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "regret",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "もっと早く来ればよかった。",
        "furigana": "もっと<ruby>早<rt>はや</rt></ruby>く<ruby>来<rt>く</rt></ruby>ればよかった。",
        "translation_id": "Seharusnya tadi datang lebih cepat.",
        "translation_en": "I should have come earlier."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ba-hodo",
    "pattern": "～ば~ほど",
    "structure": "Verb-ba + Verb-dictionary + ほど",
    "meaning_id": "semakin ~ semakin ~",
    "meaning_en": "the more ~ the more ~",
    "nuance": "Korelasi proporsional. Untuk i-adj: 〜ければ〜ほど; na-adj: 〜なら〜なほど.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "correlation",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "練習すればするほど、上手になります。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>練習<rt>れんしゅう</rt></ruby>すればするほど、<ruby>上手<rt>じょうず</rt></ruby>になります。",
        "translation_id": "Semakin sering berlatih, semakin mahir.",
        "translation_en": "The more you practice, the better you get."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "kurai-extent",
    "pattern": "～くらい / ぐらい (sampai)",
    "structure": "Plain-form + くらい",
    "meaning_id": "sampai-sampai / sebanyak ~",
    "meaning_en": "to the extent that",
    "nuance": "Mengukur derajat tindakan/keadaan dengan analogi.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "degree",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "死ぬくらい恥ずかしかった。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>死<rt>し</rt></ruby>ぬくらい<ruby>恥<rt>はず</rt></ruby>かしかった。",
        "translation_id": "Malu sampai rasanya mau mati.",
        "translation_en": "I was so embarrassed I could've died."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "hodo",
    "pattern": "～ほど",
    "structure": "Plain-form + ほど",
    "meaning_id": "sebegitu ~ / sampai-sampai ~",
    "meaning_en": "to the extent of",
    "nuance": "Lebih intens dari くらい. Sering dalam ekspresi 死ぬほど〜.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "degree",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "彼ほど優しい人はいない。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>彼<rt>かれ</rt></ruby>ほど<ruby>優<rt>やさ</rt></ruby>しい<ruby>人<rt>ひと</rt></ruby>はいない。",
        "translation_id": "Tidak ada orang sebaik dia.",
        "translation_en": "There is no one as kind as him."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "sae",
    "pattern": "～さえ",
    "structure": "Noun + さえ",
    "meaning_id": "bahkan ~ (memperluas dari yang ekstrem)",
    "meaning_en": "even ~",
    "nuance": "Menekankan contoh ekstrem; pasti yang lain juga sama.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "emphasis",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "子供さえこの漢字を知っている。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>子供<rt>こども</rt></ruby>さえこの<ruby>漢字<rt>かんじ</rt></ruby>を<ruby>知<rt>し</rt></ruby>っている。",
        "translation_id": "Bahkan anak kecil pun tahu kanji ini.",
        "translation_en": "Even children know this kanji."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "sae-ba",
    "pattern": "～さえ~ば",
    "structure": "Noun + さえ + ば-form",
    "meaning_id": "asalkan ~",
    "meaning_en": "as long as ~",
    "nuance": "Syarat minimum yang cukup untuk hasil.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "conditional",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "あなたさえいれば、何もいらない。",
        "furigana": "あなたさえいれば、<ruby>何<rt>なに</rt></ruby>もいらない。",
        "translation_id": "Asalkan ada kamu, aku tak butuh apa pun.",
        "translation_en": "As long as I have you, I need nothing else."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "made-mo",
    "pattern": "～までもない",
    "structure": "Verb-dictionary + までもない",
    "meaning_id": "tidak perlu sampai ~",
    "meaning_en": "no need to go so far as to ~",
    "nuance": "Tindakan terlalu berlebihan untuk hasil yang sudah jelas.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "degree",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "言うまでもなく、健康が大切だ。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>言<rt>い</rt></ruby>うまでもなく、<ruby>健康<rt>けんこう</rt></ruby>が<ruby>大切<rt>たいせつ</rt></ruby>だ。",
        "translation_id": "Tak perlu dikatakan, kesehatan itu penting.",
        "translation_en": "Needless to say, health is important."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "bakari-de-naku",
    "pattern": "～ばかりでなく",
    "structure": "Plain-form / Noun + ばかりでなく",
    "meaning_id": "bukan hanya ~ tapi juga ~",
    "meaning_en": "not only ~ but also",
    "nuance": "Variasi formal dari ～だけでなく.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "addition",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "彼は英語ばかりでなく、中国語も話せる。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>彼<rt>かれ</rt></ruby>は<ruby>英語<rt>えいご</rt></ruby>ばかりでなく、<ruby>中国語<rt>ちゅうごくご</rt></ruby>も<ruby>話<rt>はな</rt></ruby>せる。",
        "translation_id": "Dia bukan hanya bisa bahasa Inggris, tetapi juga bahasa Mandarin.",
        "translation_en": "He speaks not only English but also Chinese."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "dake-de-naku",
    "pattern": "～だけでなく",
    "structure": "Noun / Plain + だけでなく",
    "meaning_id": "tidak hanya ~ tapi juga ~",
    "meaning_en": "not only ~ but also",
    "nuance": "Lebih netral/umum dari ばかりでなく.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "addition",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "この店は安いだけでなく、美味しい。",
        "furigana": "この<ruby>店<rt>みせ</rt></ruby>は<ruby>安<rt>やす</rt></ruby>いだけでなく、<ruby>美味<rt>おい</rt></ruby>しいです。",
        "translation_id": "Toko ini tak hanya murah, tapi juga enak.",
        "translation_en": "This place is not only cheap but also tasty."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "ue-ni",
    "pattern": "～上に",
    "structure": "Plain-form + 上に",
    "meaning_id": "selain ~ ditambah lagi ~",
    "meaning_en": "in addition to / besides",
    "nuance": "Menambahkan info di arah yang sama (positif+positif atau negatif+negatif).",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "addition",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "雨が降っている上に、風も強い。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>雨<rt>あめ</rt></ruby>が<ruby>降<rt>ふ</rt></ruby>っている<ruby>上<rt>うえ</rt></ruby>に、<ruby>風<rt>かぜ</rt></ruby>も<ruby>強<rt>つよ</rt></ruby>い。",
        "translation_id": "Selain hujan, anginnya juga kencang.",
        "translation_en": "On top of the rain, the wind is strong too."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "tabi-ni",
    "pattern": "～たびに",
    "structure": "Verb-dictionary / Noun-no + たびに",
    "meaning_id": "setiap kali ~",
    "meaning_en": "every time ~",
    "nuance": "Pengulangan rutin/refleksif.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "time",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "東京に来るたびに、この店に寄ります。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>東京<rt>とうきょう</rt></ruby>に<ruby>来<rt>く</rt></ruby>るたびに、この<ruby>店<rt>みせ</rt></ruby>に<ruby>寄<rt>よ</rt></ruby>ります。",
        "translation_id": "Setiap datang ke Tokyo, saya mampir ke toko ini.",
        "translation_en": "Every time I come to Tokyo, I drop by this shop."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "uchi-ni",
    "pattern": "～うちに",
    "structure": "Verb-dictionary / Verb-nai / na-adj-na / Noun-no + うちに",
    "meaning_id": "selagi / sebelum ~",
    "meaning_en": "while / before (state changes)",
    "nuance": "Manfaatkan keadaan saat ini sebelum berubah. ～ないうちに = 'sebelum jadi ~'.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "time",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "若いうちに、いろいろなことに挑戦したい。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>若<rt>わか</rt></ruby>いうちに、いろいろなことに<ruby>挑戦<rt>ちょうせん</rt></ruby>したい。",
        "translation_id": "Selagi muda, ingin mencoba berbagai hal.",
        "translation_en": "While I'm young, I want to try various things."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "aida-ni",
    "pattern": "～間に",
    "structure": "Verb-te-iru / Noun-no + 間に",
    "meaning_id": "selama ~ (durasi spesifik)",
    "meaning_en": "during / while ~",
    "nuance": "Aksi terjadi pada satu titik dalam durasi. Bedakan dengan 間 (terus-menerus).",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "time",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "母が寝ている間に、料理を作りました。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>母<rt>はは</rt></ruby>が<ruby>寝<rt>ね</rt></ruby>ている<ruby>間<rt>あいだ</rt></ruby>に、<ruby>料理<rt>りょうり</rt></ruby>を<ruby>作<rt>つく</rt></ruby>りました。",
        "translation_id": "Selagi ibu tidur, saya memasak.",
        "translation_en": "While my mother was sleeping, I cooked."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "tatoeba",
    "pattern": "例えば",
    "structure": "例えば、 + contoh",
    "meaning_id": "misalnya / contohnya",
    "meaning_en": "for example",
    "nuance": "Adverb pembuka contoh.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "transition",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "例えば、寿司やラーメンが好きです。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>例<rt>たと</rt></ruby>えば、<ruby>寿司<rt>すし</rt></ruby>やラーメンが<ruby>好<rt>す</rt></ruby>きです。",
        "translation_id": "Misalnya, saya suka sushi dan ramen.",
        "translation_en": "For example, I like sushi and ramen."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "tsumari",
    "pattern": "つまり",
    "structure": "Kalimat。つまり、 + kesimpulan",
    "meaning_id": "yaitu / dengan kata lain",
    "meaning_en": "in other words / that is",
    "nuance": "Penghubung untuk merangkum atau menyimpulkan.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "transition",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "彼は私の母の弟、つまり叔父です。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>彼<rt>かれ</rt></ruby>は<ruby>私<rt>わたし</rt></ruby>の<ruby>母<rt>はは</rt></ruby>の<ruby>弟<rt>おとうと</rt></ruby>、つまり<ruby>叔父<rt>おじ</rt></ruby>です。",
        "translation_id": "Dia adik ibu saya, dengan kata lain paman saya.",
        "translation_en": "He's my mother's younger brother, that is, my uncle."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "youni-naru-comparison",
    "pattern": "～ように",
    "structure": "Plain-form + ように",
    "meaning_id": "seperti ~ / sebagaimana ~",
    "meaning_en": "like / as ~",
    "nuance": "Perbandingan/contoh: 写真で見るように (seperti yang terlihat di foto).",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "comparison",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "私が言ったように、彼は来なかった。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>私<rt>わたし</rt></ruby>が<ruby>言<rt>い</rt></ruby>ったように、<ruby>彼<rt>かれ</rt></ruby>は<ruby>来<rt>こ</rt></ruby>なかった。",
        "translation_id": "Seperti yang saya katakan, dia tidak datang.",
        "translation_en": "As I said, he didn't come."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "noun-suru-koto",
    "pattern": "～こと (nominalisasi)",
    "structure": "Plain-form + こと",
    "meaning_id": "(membuat verba/klausa menjadi kata benda)",
    "meaning_en": "nominalizer",
    "nuance": "Mirip の tapi lebih abstrak. Sering muncul dengan できる/必要だ/大切だ.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "nominalization",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "毎日運動することが大切です。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>毎日運動<rt>まいにちうんどう</rt></ruby>することが<ruby>大切<rt>たいせつ</rt></ruby>です。",
        "translation_id": "Berolahraga setiap hari itu penting.",
        "translation_en": "Exercising every day is important."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "koto-ni-suru",
    "pattern": "～ことにする",
    "structure": "Verb-dictionary / ない + ことにする",
    "meaning_id": "memutuskan untuk ~",
    "meaning_en": "decide to ~",
    "nuance": "Keputusan subjektif pembicara. Lampau ことにした = sudah memutuskan.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "decision",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "毎日日本語を勉強することにしました。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>毎日日本語<rt>まいにちにほんご</rt></ruby>を<ruby>勉強<rt>べんきょう</rt></ruby>することにしました。",
        "translation_id": "Saya memutuskan untuk belajar bahasa Jepang setiap hari.",
        "translation_en": "I decided to study Japanese every day."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "slug": "koto-ni-naru",
    "pattern": "～ことになる",
    "structure": "Verb-dictionary / ない + ことになる",
    "meaning_id": "menjadi diputuskan ~ / sehingga ~",
    "meaning_en": "it has been decided that ~",
    "nuance": "Keputusan yang sudah ditentukan oleh orang/keadaan lain.",
    "jlpt_level": "N3",
    "category": "decision",
    "examples": [
      {
        "japanese": "来月から日本で働くことになりました。",
        "furigana": "<ruby>来月<rt>らいげつ</rt></ruby>から<ruby>日本<rt>にほん</rt></ruby>で<ruby>働<rt>はたら</rt></ruby>くことになりました。",
        "translation_id": "Sudah diputuskan saya akan bekerja di Jepang mulai bulan depan.",
        "translation_en": "It has been decided that I will work in Japan from next month."
      }
    ]
  }
]